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Iryna Farion

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In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Dmytrivna and the family name is Farion.
Iryna Farion
Ірина Фаріон
Farion in February 2015
People's Deputy of Ukraine
In office
12 December 2012[1] – 27 November 2014[2]
Preceded byConstituency established
Succeeded byIryna Podoliak
ConstituencyLviv Oblast, No. 116
Personal details
Born(1964-04-29)29 April 1964
Lviv, Ukrainian SSR, Soviet Union
Died19 July 2024(2024-07-19) (aged 60)
Lviv, Ukraine
Political partySvoboda
Children1[3]
Alma materLviv University
OccupationProfessor, politician, philologist
Awards
  • Oleksa Hirnyk Prize
  • Borys Hrinchenko Prize
WebsiteOfficial website

Iryna Dmytrivna Farion (Ukrainian: Ірина Дмитрівна Фаріон, pronounced [iˈrɪnɐ ˈdmɪtrʲiu̯nɐ fɐrʲiˈɔn]; 29 April 1964 – 19 July 2024) was a Ukrainian linguist and nationalist politician who served as a deputy in the Verkhovna Rada as a member of Svoboda.[4][5] She was also a professor at the Department of Ukrainian Language at Lviv Polytechnic (Institute of Humanitarian and Social Sciences).[6]

She was known for her campaigns to promote the Ukrainian language and to discredit officials who spoke Russian.[5]

Early life and education

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Farion was born 29 April 1964 in Lviv. Her mother was a teacher and her father was a plumber.[7]

Farion graduated from the philology department of Lviv University in 1987. Until 1991, she was head of the center of Ukrainian studies at Lviv University.[7] During her college years, she was a member of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the only student being in the Communist Party.[8] Farion at first denied membership within the Communist Party.[9] Later, she claimed that she could not have such a career without joining the party; she also stated that she joined the party to "destroy it from within".[7] In 1996, she defended her PhD dissertation in philology in Lviv University.[10]

Career

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Among her scientific works are at least four monographs and 200 articles.[11] From 1998 to 2004, Farion headed the language commission of Prosvita. From 1998, she initiated and organized the annual student competition "Language is a foundation of your life" (Ukrainian: Мова - твого життя основа, romanized: Mova - tvoho zhyttya osnova).[11] In 2004, she received the Oleksa Hirnyk Literature Award.[12]

In 2006, Farion balloted for People's Deputy of Ukraine mandate from the All-Ukrainian Union "Svoboda", of which she was a member beginning in 2005. In 2006, Farion also successfully balloted to the regional council, while in 2010, she won in a majoritarian electoral district of Lviv.[citation needed]

In February 2010, on International Mother Language Day, Farion was filmed telling kindergartners to avoid using Russian names.[13][14] In one instance, she tells them to "go where the Mashas live" if they wanted to be called Masha; a video of the incident was aired on Russian state television and was widely criticized.[15][16] The incident was also widely discussed and criticized in the Ukrainian media.[17] One deputy from the Party of Regions asked the Prosecutor General of Ukraine to file a criminal case against her on the grounds of language-based and nationality-based discrimination.[7]

Official parliamentary photograph of Farion in 2012

In the 2012 parliamentary election, Farion was elected into parliament after winning a constituency in Lviv Oblast.[18]

In the 2014 parliamentary election, Farion again tried to win a constituency seat in Lviv, but failed this time having finished third in her constituency with approximately 16% of the vote.[19]

In July 2015, the Investigative Committee of Russia filed a criminal case against Farion on the charges of "incitement to murder" and "extremist statements".[20]

In April 2018, she called Russian-speaking Ukrainians "mentally retarded" and claimed that they had caused the Russo-Ukrainian War.[21] In October of the same year, she called ethnic Hungarians in the Zakarpattya Oblast "morons" and suggested that they "go back to Hungary", while comparing them to dogs.[22] That year she also called for a campaign to "punch every Russian-speaking person in the jaw".[5]

In March 2019, in response to journalist Dmitry Gordon's criticism of Stepan Bandera, Farion called him an enemy and wished him a "torturous death". For this, she was harshly criticized by the National Union of Journalists of Ukraine.[23]

In the July 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election, Farion again failed to return to parliament after finishing fifth with 10.35% of the vote in electoral district 116 in Lviv Oblast.[24]

In November 2023, Farion insulted Russian-speaking fighters of the Azov Brigade in an interview and said that she would not call them Ukrainians.[25][26] Farion also published a letter by a supporter in the occupied Crimean Peninsula;[26] she did not blur his name, causing him to be arrested by Russian authorities.[27] This caused public outrage, including criticism from politician Tamila Tasheva,[28][29] and student protests at the Lviv Polytechnic Institute, but the institute refused to fire her.[6] The incident led to Ukraine's human rights ombudsman to say that he had asked the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU) to open an investigation.[26] On 15 November, the SBU opened an investigation against her on the counts of discrimination, insulting the dignity of a serviceman, violation of confidentiality of correspondence, and breach of inviolability of private life,[30][28] and she was relieved of her position in the Lviv Polytechnic.[6] She was reinstated at the Lviv Polytechnic in May 2024.[31]

Murder

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On 19 July 2024, at around 19:30 (EEST), Farion was shot in Lviv.[32] The attacker was described to be a young man of about 20−25 years of age; according to Farion's neighbors, they had noticed him in the morning, waiting near her home.[33][34] She was immediately admitted to the hospital in the emergency department with a gunshot wound to the head in an "extremely serious" condition.[35][36] At around 23:00 EEST on the same day, doctors at the hospital announced that she was comatose and on life support. Farion died around 23:20[37] at the age of 60.[33][38][39] The governor of Lviv, Maksym Kozytskyi, expressed his condolences to her family.[40]

Ukraine's Interior Minister Ihor Klymenko stated that the murder was premeditated and the main motives the investigators were considering were either her political and social activity or a personal dislike.[5][41] Farion's political party, Svoboda, accused the Russian government of organizing her death.[42]

Awards

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Scientific publications

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  • Ukrainian family names of the Carpathian Lviv Region at the end of 18th – beginning of 19th centuries (with etymological dictionary). National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Institute of folklore studies. "Litopys". Lviv, 2001.[44]
  • Antroponymy system of the Upper Dniester region at the end of 18th – beginning of 19th centuries (family names). Franko State University. Lviv, 1996 (Ph.D. thesis).[45]

References

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  1. ^ You Scratch My Back, and I'll Scratch Yours, The Ukrainian Week (26 September 2012)
  2. ^ CEC registers 357 newly elected deputies of 422 Archived 4 December 2014 at the Wayback Machine, National Radio Company of Ukraine (25 November 2014)
    Parliament to form leadership and coalition on November 27, UNIAN (26 November 2014)
  3. ^ Solovyova, Antonina (19 July 2024). "Дочка Фаріон відреагувала на спробу вбивства матері" [Daughter of Farion reacts to assassination attempt against her mother]. Ukrainian News Agency (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  4. ^ "Controversial ex-MP fired from her university post". The Kyiv Independent. 15 November 2023.
  5. ^ a b c d Popeski, Ron; Kozhukhar, Olexander (19 July 2024). "Gunman wounds nationalist former parliamentarian in Ukraine's Lviv". Reuters. Retrieved 20 July 2024. A gunman on Friday shot and killed a nationalist former member of Ukraine's parliament... She gained notoriety for frequent campaigns to promote the Ukrainian language and discredit public officials who spoke Russian. She was saying on whole country, that Ukrainians who speak Russian language should be utilised.
  6. ^ a b c "Ірину Фаріон звільнили з "Львівської політехніки": що відомо" (in Ukrainian). Suspilne. 15 November 2023.
  7. ^ a b c d Kobzar, Yuri (20 July 2024). "От КПСС до радикального национализма: какой была Ирина Фарион" [From the Communist Party to radical nationalism: who was Iryna Farion]. UNIAN (in Russian). Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  8. ^ "Фарион − звериное лицо "нациков" по заданию КПСС". Archived from the original on 7 December 2013. Retrieved 19 July 2013.
  9. ^ Shevchenko, Daryna (15 November 2013). "Farion denies being a former communist, despite documents that show otherwise - Nov. 15, 2013". Kyiv Post. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  10. ^ Фаріон, Ірина Дмитрівна in library catalog
  11. ^ a b Kopytko, Vasilina (19 July 2024). "Кто такая Ирина Фарион: от коммунистки 80-х до националистки и борца за украинский язык" [Who is Iryna Farion: from a communist of the 80s to a nationalist and fighter for the Ukrainian language]. RBC-Ukraine (in Russian). Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  12. ^ "ЛАУРЕАТИ ПРЕМІЇ ІМЕНІ ОЛЕКСИ ГІРНИКА ЗА 2004 РІК" [Laureates of the Oleksa Hirnyk Award for 2004]. Crimean chamber (in Ukrainian). 28 January 2005. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  13. ^ Coynash, Halya (23 February 2010). "Shameful abuse". Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group.
  14. ^ Korba, Halyna (14 November 2023). "Життя і скандали Ірини Фаріон" [The life and scandals of Iryna Farion]. BBC News Україна (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  15. ^ Schlegel, Simon (26 August 2019). Making Ethnicity in Southern Bessarabia: Tracing the Histories of an Ambiguous Concept in a Contested Land. BRILL. p. 189. ISBN 978-90-04-40802-9.
  16. ^ Bustikova, Lenka (24 October 2019). Extreme Reactions: Radical Right Mobilization in Eastern Europe. Cambridge University Press. p. 169. ISBN 978-1-108-48265-3. Iryna Farion stirred a controversy during her visit to a kindergartern in Lviv... because she scolded five-year-old children for referring to themselves with Russian-sounding first names
  17. ^ Polyakova, Alina (2014). "From the provinces to the parliament: How the Ukrainian radical right mobilized in Galicia". Communist and Post-Communist Studies. 47 (2): 221. ISSN 0967-067X.
  18. ^ "Список депутатів нової Верховнсї Ради". Ukrayinska Pravda (in Ukrainian). 11 November 2012.
  19. ^ "Single-mandate district No.116". Central Election Commission of Ukraine. Retrieved 3 November 2014.
  20. ^ "СК РФ завел дело на бывшего депутата Верховной Рады Ирину Фарион" [Investigative Committee of Russian Federation files criminal case against former deputy of the Verkhovna Rada Iryna Farion]. Meduza (in Russian). 8 July 2015. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  21. ^ Rudyk, Anna (30 April 2018). "Екс-депутат "Свободи" назвала російськомовних українців розумово відсталими" [Ex-deputy of "Svoboda" calls Russian-speaking Ukrainians mentally retarded]. Ukrainian News Agency (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  22. ^ Komendantova, Nadiya (13 October 2018). ""Чимчикуйте до Угорщини": Скандальна екс-депутат Фаріон назвала "дебілами" етнічних угорців Закарпаття" ["Run back to Hungary": scandulous ex-deputy Farion called ethnic Hungarians of Zakapattya "morons"]. Ukrainian News Agency (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  23. ^ "НСЖУ назвал дикостью пожелание Фарион Гордону "сдохнуть в диких муках"" [NUJU calls Farion's wish that Gordon "dies a torturous death" a "barbarity"]. Ukrainian News Agency (in Russian). 5 March 2019. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  24. ^ "Фаріон і Подоляк поступилися на виборах Княжицькому" (in Ukrainian). 24 July 2019.
  25. ^ "Паплюжать честь ЗСУ: Фаріон вимагає покарати бійців "Азова"" (in Ukrainian). 14 November 2023.
  26. ^ a b c Coynash, Halya (14 November 2023). "Outrage after Ukrainian politician causes student's persecution in Russian-occupied Crimea". Kharkiv Human Rights Protection Group.
  27. ^ ""Проти мене ширять провокацію": Фаріон відреагувала на затримання студента з Криму" (in Ukrainian). Suspilne. 13 November 2023.
  28. ^ a b Fornusek, Martin (15 November 2023). "Ex-MP Farion under investigation over student message leak, radical statements". The Kyiv Independent. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  29. ^ Pogorilov, Stanislav (13 November 2023). "Ташева отреагировала на "слив" Фарион студента из Крыма: Это преступление" [Tasheva reacts to Farion "leak" of Crimean student: "A crime"]. Ukrayinska Pravda (in Russian). Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  30. ^ "СБУ відкрила провадження щодо Фаріон" (in Ukrainian). Radio Liberty. 15 November 2023.
  31. ^ Kostenko, Irina (29 May 2024). "Фарион восстановили в должности и насчитали почти 124 тысяч "штрафных": что известно о скандалах с ее участием" [Farion restored to position and paid 124k in "fines": what we know about the scandals she was involved in]. RBC-Ukraine (in Russian). Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  32. ^ Denisova, Kateryna (19 July 2024). "Former Ukrainian MP Iryna Farion dies in Lviv after assassination attempt". The Kyiv Independent. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  33. ^ a b "Во Львове убита бывший депутат Рады Ирина Фарион" [Former deputy Iryna Farion killed in Lviv]. Meduza (in Russian). Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  34. ^ "Соседи Фарион, в которую стрелял неизвестный, заявили, что нападавший сидел в их дворе две-три недели — СМИ" [Neighbors of Farion, shot by an unknown man, state that the attacker spent time around her home for two to three weeks]. The New Voice of Ukraine (in Russian). 19 July 2024. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  35. ^ "У Львові стріляли в Ірину Фаріон". Варта 1 (in Ukrainian). 19 July 2024. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  36. ^ Zaxid.net (19 July 2024). "У Львові вчинили замах на Ірину Фаріон". ZAXID.NET (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  37. ^ "Вбивство Ірини Фаріон. Деталі замаху, версії слідства та чим була відома львівська професорка" [Murder of Iryna Farion. Details of the assassination, theories of the investigation, and what the Lviv professor was known for]. Ukrayinska Pravda (in Ukrainian). 20 July 2024. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  38. ^ "Украинский политик Ирина Фарион умерла в больнице после покушения" [Ukrainian politician Iryna Farion dies in hospital after attack]. Meduza (in Russian). Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  39. ^ "Фарион умерла в больнице" [Farion dies in hospital]. RBK-Ukraine (in Russian). 19 July 2024. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  40. ^ "В больнице Львова после покушения умерла политик Ирина Фарион" [Politician Iryna Farion dies in Lviv hospital after assassination attempt]. RFE/RL (in Russian). 19 July 2024. Retrieved 19 July 2024.
  41. ^ McArthur, Tom (20 July 2024). "Ukrainian nationalist ex-MP shot dead in Lviv street". BBC. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  42. ^ Glushchenko, Olha (20 July 2024). ""Вбивство Ірини Фаріон здійснено за наказом Москви" – заява ВО "Свобода"" ["The killing of Iryna Farion was done on the order of Moscow", declares Svoboda]. Ukrayinska Pravda (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  43. ^ МОВО, БУДЬ! МОВО, ЖИВИ І ЖИВИ!
  44. ^ Book profile in the Maksymovych Science Library
  45. ^ Information in the Vernadsky National Library
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